As an extra protip: you can have your own DNS server on your LAN and not depend on big tech or some ISP and you can also add filters to that DNS as you see fit. If your country has any censorship (for example in Russia if they banned your favorite site (I remember when Russia banned kohlchan), or UK when they ban 4chin almost certainly) - you can evade it entirely just like that. Also you can set up filters in a way that you ban all networks known to serve ads. DNS records and these filters are free for everyone. You can make a permanent ad filter for all browsers, all kinds of devices, any OS, and even on these new stupid fridges with ads as a solution forever as long as they are connected to your LAN and the router routes DNS lookup through it.
Here is one tutorial on how to get rid of ads for life: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d_3h5n9mPdI

Another thing related to IP is hiding it behind a VPN (proxy). Most common proxies are public loud VPN companies like Nord or Surfshark - these will protect you from getting a piracy letter, hide your IP well as long as you don't get any warrants and depending on your jurisdiction and law - you will be unprosecutable for some crimes if you connect to a foreign IP (that is because some jurisdictions require you to be on the soil of the country during commission - foreign IP makes it impossible for prosecutor to have a legal basis) usually about defamation, lies, posting content that is illegal in your contry but legal in the country of that proxy server (like lolis), insulting your country, nation and symbols or praising crime (USA IP is the best for it) - please just be consistent with never revealing your real IP during anything because they will have it in logs that you connected from a residential IP and they will visit you and investigate these things - because as it turns out - you really were on the soil of the country after all and without an alibi and you are screwed.

Second proxy solution is TOR. TOR is the simplest, most available, and most retardproof solution that is easily available. Onion links are exempt from DNS lookups on the regular web. Onion links are technically public keys, not just links!!! Therefore you have a fully encrypted tunnel between you, 3 nodes of your, 3 nodes of theirs, and the target server! Because it is a cryptographic key in itself it needs no authority overseeing assignment of addresses! Either way, if you connect to the regular internet instead of superior onion links - you are pretty safe. The connection is scattered around the world, mostly hosted by volunteers (and german federal police, I hate germany) and it is infinitely harder to get at least 4 warrants in a row over totally encrypted connection whose tunnel changes constantly and you as an end user will be safe for the most part unless you type out your legal name and address.

A general tip regarding it all would be - limit connections accordingly. Do not make excessive connections if not necessary. Each ping is an opporunity to forget something, each ping is another timestamp and likely another fingerprint. Another general tip is when you are making a technically risky connection - make sure to do it manually as much as possible and review what will happen when you make it, using automated connections strips you of any ability to review what consequences will some automatic pings might have and you will not be able to stop it until it had happened.
TRACE - is the trail that you connection needs to travel and where it will leave marks of having happened; splitting, unifying, getting redirected may all be logged. The problem of trace is usually solved by an IP laundering proxy like TOR, but your ISP will be able to know at what time you accessed TOR because TOR nodes are public knowledge. Most VPNs have their IPs and ranges marked as known VPN and usually even which company it is specifically (that is the reason Cloudflare not only exists but is in such high demand).

If you use no proxy - your ISP will have an IP to which you are connecting. It is possible for intermediary networks of higher order than ISP to log it (I think).

If you use a proxy - your ISP will know that you are connecting to an IP that belongs to a VPN company. The VPN company will know your IP too, and depending on the protocol they might have some data on you. Sometimes VPN companies are their own ISP, and they will log stuff because they don't wanna go to court for you. On the clearnet whenever you connect to a domain - first you will be redirected to an exact numerical IP under the hood by your DNS server of choice (if you don't self host a DNS - then probably google DNS will know what you queried and your IP). In general with https they will know what domain you are on but they cannot see the exact page you viewed unless the server logs it. (So when you browse https://www.DOMAIN.com/cheesepizza they will see only be able to prove you browsed www.domain.com and not anything specific on its own. There are techniques of packet analysis in regards to timestamps, fingerprints and size to highly suggest you did click a particular page but I will mention it later)

If you use TOR as a proxy - it is good for laundering. It's a braindead solution that will work and you can feel safe unless you are a huge target that interpol would want to waste months and years monitoring for your slipup. If you are a general chiyo penguin lover or casual junkie you will be fine in terms of safety of connection.

If you use bad sites (corporate operated or their vassals and slaves) that you can easily tell by stupid modern designs that takes up the whole screen but produces no content, those that you scroll and it has lots of dumb scrolling animations, those who require you to use java script, those who make you click on the "We and 1000 of our spies value your privacy" button or related - they are the most blatant ones to make your computer ping servers of their spies to put mark on your machine. These are to be either dominated by your security or avoided. General solution to them is the no javascript plugin that TOR browser has by default + a constantly chaning fingerprint or shared fingerprint. Librewolf is an open source firefox based browser that ripped out all default spying by mozilla and has made considerable efforts to anonymize people by having similar fingerprints which combined with no JS plugin give half decent tracability. I assume you do it over clearnet so unless you have a threat of causing a law enforcement reaction or reveal your true identity by accident - you should not lament much. The most foolproof method is TOR if you want to obfuscate even your clearnet activity.
TIMESTAMPS - Timestamps is time correlation of pings you send and pings that the snooper receives. You make connections and your ISP in order to serve you must receive them and act accordingly to establish an information exchange that you requested. Assume that your ISP/proxy provider is logging each time (many countries require logging, in Germany it is mandated federally to log all connections by any communication provider like mobile or ISP). So your ISP receives your requests and they definitely mark them with the exact time they arrived. Then your ISP forwards your request to the target server. Target server will have information sent to it also marked by their ISP. So logging goes both ways. The server might be operated by law enforcement, or the server might give up their own logs reporting you to law enforcement in which case I would call the server or their ISP a snooper. Snooper has inbound connection timestamps and your IP if you did not mask it. If you did not use any proxy they will go straight to your ISP with a warrant to give up logs and their timestamps to not only confirm that the connection existed and really relayed the information succesfully which is a proof that you indeed accessed that site or sent that information and based on that information they get a warrant and make the ISP reveal when inbound and outbound connections between you and the target server occured - and if they match with whatever the server had logged or server's ISP - it is irrefutable evidence. If you use a proxy they will first go with a warrant to the proxy, and if you used a VPN - they will probably tell them that you were using that IP at that moment and then they will go to you, your ISP will give up logs that a VPN connection existed at that moment that you used - and you will be directly tied to the initial charges. Timestamps are the ultimate hammer for TOR users.